For the last several years, artificial intelligence (AI) has represented the newest, most rapidly expanding frontier of radiology technology. But the reality is, there are some real nuggets of hope in the gold mine. One of the most promising areas of health innovation is the application of artificial intelligence (AI), primarily in medical imaging. Despite this importance, limitations of modern radiology coupled with dizzying advances in AI are converging to drive automation in the field. Now, breakthroughs in computer vision also open up the possibility for their automated interpretation. Radiology generates a huge amount of digital data as obtained images are included into patients’ clinical history for diagnosis, treatment planning, screening, follow up, or prognosis. The AI applications that are emerging now are no better and no worse than the CAD ones. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as one of the most important topics in radiology today. For decades, medical images have been generated and archived in digital form. The number of manuscripts related to radiomics, machine learning (ML), and artificial intelligence (AI) submitted to Radiology has dramatically increased in only a few years. Just walking through the RSNA 2017 Machine Learning Pavilion, one couldn’t help but wonder if all the noise pointed to CAD on steroids or to technology that is so far out there it belongs in the next Star Wars movie.. Images obtained by MRI machines, CT scanners, and x-rays, as well as biopsy samples, allow clinicians to see the inner workings of the human body. Publications on AI have drastically increased from about 100–150 per year in 2007–2008 to 700–800 per year in 2016–2017. However, radiology has been applying a form of AI – computer-aided-diagnostics (CAD) – for decades. However, developing CAD applications is a multi-step, time consuming, and complex process. AI currently outperforms humans in a number of visual tasks including face recognition, lip reading, and visual reasoning. The constellation of new terms can be overwhelming: Deep Learning, TensorFlow, Scikit-Learn, Keras, Pandas, Python and Anaconda. This article provides basic definitions of terms such as “machine/deep learning” and analyses the integration of AI into radiology. While the use of artificial intelligence (AI) could transform a wide variety of medical fields, this applies in particular to radiology. August 03, 2018 - Artificial intelligence and machine learning tools have the potential to analyze large datasets and extract meaningful insights to enhance patient outcomes, an ability that is proving helpful in radiology and pathology.. Are you interested in getting started with machine learning for radiology? There is much hype in the discussion surrounding the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology. 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